[APASL2014]Hepatic T cells in HBV pathogenesis and immune therapeutic strategies
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of acute and chronic hepatitis， liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma in humans. HBV itself is usually regarded as a non-cytopathic virus， the pathogenesis relative to HBV infection is considered， at least in part， to be due to T-cell responses directed against HBV antigens. In particular， the role of the adaptive T cell immune exhaustion in the HBV infection is well understood.
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[APASL2014]SOF+RBV in HIV/HCV Co-infected Patients
Seeking an interferon-free regimen for HIV/HCV co-infected patients，Dr. Douglas Dieterich and colleagues have tested a combination sofosbuvir (SOF) and ribavirin (RBV) regimen to success rates of up to 88% across viral genotypes.
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[APASL2014]Gene Deletions and Enhanced Tumorigenicity in Hepatoma Cells
In an effort to identify HBV genotypic variants to aid in prognostics for infected patients， Dr. Huang and colleagues identified large-fragment deletions of the core gene that resulted in increased tumorigenicity. They found that these novel variants result in a significantly decreased recurrence-free survival time.
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[APASL2014]Public Health Insurance and Treatment Costs Among Hepatitis B Related Diseases
Over half a million Chinese people die annually from end-stage complications associated with chronic liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). In fact， HBV-related diseases are the leading cause of chronic liver disease in China. Over half a million people in China die each year from end-stage complications related to the disease and， most often， these are associated with staggering health care costs and socioeconomic burdens.
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[APASL2014]NS5A Inhibits Cellular Apoptosis
Nonstructural protein 5A is much targeted by current therapies for the treatment of the hepatitis C virus. While its role in RNA replication is well studied， it may possess other factors that contribute to successful viral replication. Japanese researchers have discovered that NS5A may also inhibit apoptosis through a protein called thapsigargin (TG).
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[APASL2014]Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis D Virus Infection
From 1991 to 1992， over 23，000 people aged 30 to 65 years of age participated in a survey in which they had their blood drawn， were interviewed， and underwent rigorous physical exams. The focus of the study was the hepatitis delta virus (HDV)， prevalent only in individuals that are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV).
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[APASL2014]Entecavir for CHB: A Chinese Clinical Perspective
In a 5-year， longitudinal study assessing the efficacy of entecavir (ETV) versus other standard-or-care therapies， Dr. Hou and colleagues revealed that ETV therapy resulted in a 85% virological response， compared with 67% overall with all other treatments.
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[APASL2014]MRI/MRCP Surveillance Does Not Improve PSC Detection
Pouring through 6-years of follow-up data， clinicians from Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital tracked whether bi-annual or annual MRI/MRCP were effective as a surveillance strategy for patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The authors concluded that the exam was not， in fact， associated with higher rates of detection.
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[APASL2014]Racial Analysis from GIDEON
Launched in 2010， the GIDEON (Global Investigation of therapeutic DEcisions in hepatocellular carcinoma and Of its treatment with sorafenib) study targeted patients with unresectable HCC and who were eligible for systemic therapy， namely with sorafenib. According to one of the lead authors of the study， Dr. Lencioni， “The aim…is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of sorafenib in different subgroups.”
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[APASL2014]Using Intra-cellular Proteins to Improve Chemo Therapy
Dr.Jiang’s team are studying the links between a key，disregulated pathway in HCC to look for proteins that may assist chemotherapeutic drugs.The pathway invovles hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)，nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)，and the von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL) in what is termed the VHL/NF-κB/HIF pathway.
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[APASL2014]Individualizing PEG-IFN and RBV Doses in HCV Genotype 2
Dr. Chen-Hua Liu will present the results of a randomized trial assessing response-guided therapy using pegylated-interferon plus ribavirin in HCV genotype 2 patients. He and his colleagues analyzed data from several experimental groups， concluding that weight-based dosing did not substantially effect SVR at 16 weeks in those patients who achieve RVR， in those who did not have an RVR， a 48 week therapy did improve SVR.
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[APASL2014]15 Years on the Liver Transplant Unit
Since 1997， the Liver Transplant Unit at Auckland Hospital has assessed its patients to ensure that limited organs are given to the most viable candidates. These efforts has led Dr. David Orr and colleagues to consider which factors were most essential in making these decisions.
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[APASL2014]Next generation sequencing in HCC
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and over half of HCC cases are related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In most patients， HCC is diagnosed at a late advanced stage.
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[APASL2014]Management of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic， cholestatic liver disease caused by diffuse inflammation and fibrosis that can involve the entire biliary tree.It is a progressive disorder which can ultimately lead to biliary cirrhosis，portal hypertension and hepatic failure.
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